kuprum

KYC
KYCed by Code4rena & Cantina

LSW@Sherlock | Top-20@Cantina | Specializing on L1/L2/Cross-chain: Cosmos / EVM / IBC | Expertise in testing & formal verification

Available
6 years experience
Vetted

Programming Languages

SolidityGoRust

Expertise & Skills

InfrastructureL2StakingCross-chainGovernance

Let Us Help You Connect

Our team can assist with project requirements, timeline coordination, and finding the perfect match

Portfolio & Experience

Detailed audit history and technical expertise

Kuprum's Audits

I am kuprum, an experienced Web3 security researcher with main areas of expertise being L1 (EVM & Cosmos SDK chains), cross-chain communication (IBC / Bridges), complex infrastructure projects. Currently an independent security researcher. Previously worked at various companies, including being a Lead auditor in a Web3 security company, also have experience in Web2 security, secirity architectures, testing, and verification.

Like copper (Cuprum in Latin) — probably the most versatile, essential, and reliable metal we have today — I am going to bring a lot for the success and security of your project. In my audits I deliver you the highest quiality work, and also tend to find severe but hard/rare bugs that most others miss. I strive to both understand the broadest context of a project, it's security architecture and assumptions, and to go to the deepest bit level to find where the security assumptions may be violated. Please feel free to browse my portfolio below, and also at audits.sherlock.xyz/watson/kuprum or cantina.xyz/u/kuprum.

To book a solo audit with me send a DM via x/kuprumxyz or t.me/kuprumxyz. You can also engage me for a team audit via Sherlock, the leading security provider, with whom I am closely collaborating.

Audit porfolio

Begin / DurationProjectCategoryLanguage / FrameworkProvider
2025-05 / 5 weeksCosmos EVM auditCosmos L1, Cross-chainCosmos SDK / EVM / Go / SoliditySherlock
Notable findings
  • Dynamic precompiles may be weaponized to halt Cosmos EVM
  • Internal EVM calls from Cosmos transactions can be abused to steal gas or halt Cosmos EVM
  • Conversion errors on processing IBC acks / timeouts for native ERC20 coins break IBC packet lifecycle
2025-03 / 2 weeksLombard IBC V2 Integration auditCosmos L1, Cross-chain, Bitcoin stakingCosmos SDK / CosmWasm / Go / Rust / SoliditySherlock
The report is not yet public
2025-02 / 3 weeksIBC V2 (Eureka) auditCross-chainCosmos SDK / Go / SoliditySherlock
Notable findings
  • ICS26Router::recvPacket can be DoSed via gas griefing attack, resulting in IBC unreliability
  • Malicious ERC-20 contracts may fail acks/timeouts, forcing relayers to lose funds
2024-12 / 4 weeks14th in Story Protocol competitionCosmos/Geth L1, BFT ConsensusCosmos SDK / EVM / Go / SolidityCantina
Notable findings
2024-10 / 3 weeks5th in Omni Network competitionCosmos/Geth L1, BFT ConsensusCosmos SDK / EVM / Go / SolidityCantina
Notable findings
2024-10 / 1 week🥈in Predict.Fun contestLending, Prediction marketSoliditySherlock
Notable findings
2024-09 / 2 weeks🥇in Flayer contestNFTs, Uniswap V4SoliditySherlock
Notable findings
2024-08 / 2 weeks🥉in Phi competitionCross-chain, Identity managementSolidityCode4rena
Notable findings
2024-08 / 0.5 weeks4th in Winnables Raffles contestCross-chainSolidity / Chainlink VRF & CCIPSherlock
Notable findings
2024-07 / 2 weeks9th in Optimism Superchain competitionL1/L2, Cross-chain, Dispute gamesOptimism / SolidityCode4rena
Notable findings
2024-03 / 0.5 weeks🥉 in RadicalxChange contestAuctionsSoliditySherlock
Notable findings
2024-02 / 2 weeks🥇 in UniStaker Infrastructure competition (team CodeWasp)Staking, GovernanceSolidityCode4rena
Notable findings

Judging experience

I've had a single judging experience so far, namely judging the Mightly competition at Cantina. It was a challenge in many respects: many findings (1344), many AI-generated submissions, and difficulties of communications with the sponsor, to name a few. I am very proud that together with my fellow judge Jiri123 we've been able to judge it with record-breaking speed, efficiency, and communication transparency. Our judging has attracted numerous praise from fellow SRs, see e.g. this and this posts on X, and also the below screenshots from Discord:

Screenhot 1 (click to show)
Screenhot 2 (click to show)

Formal methods, Web2 security & other relevant experience

Over the course of my pre-Web3 security career I've collected a number of experiences that are very useful in my current work:

  • I have done a PhD in formal verification, namely in verification of concurrent programs. I've worked with a number of model checkers, and developed my own, original approach to model checking, as well as a number of model checking tools.
    • Why is this relevant: when I look at the code, a kind of a built-in model checker runs in my head. I am constantly asking myself the "what if" and "where/who else" questions, i.e. do what a highly specialized model checker would do, combined with all power of human expertise.
    • Besides that I of course understand well both the whole potential, but also all limitations of formal methods: state explosion is not empty words for me; I've been combatting it for a number of years. I can provide you a professional consultation on organizing testing & verification for your project.
  • I have worked in Web2 security before:
    • Studied cryptography & security
    • Developed commercial security software (e.g. a cloud-based firewall)
    • Taught an application security course at a university
    • Why is this relevant: Security is security no matter whether it's Web2 or Web3. It's the same kind of mindset, the same approaches. I can directly transfer many of my experiences in Web2 security into the Web3 space.
  • I have worked as a developer in a number of companies over a number of years; worked mainly with such languages as C++, Haskell, Ocaml, Python, Rust. Also was leading small dev teams over the course of my career.
    • Why is this relevant: I know all technicalities of being a developer, know the "bread and butter" of the profession.
    • I can speak developer's language: I can communicate seamlessly and effeciently, without there being an SR/developer barrier.